在注塑模具的设计过程中，除了注塑模具的结构设计外，每个部件的材料选择也是一项非常重要的工作，它直接影响注塑模具的使用寿命、加工成本和质量。的塑料零件。成型质量。模具的工作类型是选择模具材料的主要依据。
In the design process of injection mold, in addition to the structural design of injection mold, the material selection of each component is also a very important work, which directly affects the service life, processing cost and quality of injection mold. Plastic parts. Forming quality. The working type of die is the main basis for selecting die materials.
由于塑料原料、产品生产细度、工作条件和质量要求的不同，注塑模具的工作条件也有很大的不同。因此，在选择注塑模具材料时，需要从经济和技术两方面综合考虑。从经济角度看，对于大批量生产的塑件，无论使用何种塑料，工艺条件如何，成型质量有多高，通常都应采用较好的模具材料和必要的热处理或其他强化措施。加以选择，从而使此类模具具有较长的使用寿命。
Due to the different plastic raw materials, product production fineness, working conditions and quality requirements, the working conditions of injection mold are also very different. Therefore, when selecting injection mold materials, we need to consider both economic and technical aspects. From an economic point of view, for mass-produced plastic parts, no matter what kind of plastic is used, what the process conditions are, and how high the forming quality is, better mold materials and necessary heat treatment or other strengthening measures should be adopted. So as to make such molds have a long service life.
注塑模具一般在一定的温度和压力下工作。普通热塑性塑料注塑模具的工作温度通常在150℃以下，模腔成型压力为25~50MPa。热塑性工程塑料精密注塑时，模腔压力有时可达100MPa以上；而热固性塑料注射成型模具的工作温度通常为150~220℃，模腔成型压力为30~80MPa。
Injection mold usually works under certain temperature and pressure. The working temperature of ordinary thermoplastic injection mold is usually below 150 ℃, and the molding pressure of mold cavity is 25~50mpa. When thermoplastic engineering plastics are precisely injected, the cavity pressure can sometimes reach more than 100MPa; The working temperature of thermosetting plastic injection molding mold is usually 150~220 ℃, and the molding pressure of mold cavity is 30~80mpa.
在注射过程中，模具型腔、型芯和浇注系统都受到流动摩擦和冲击，因为熔融塑料被填充。在脱模过程中，模具型腔和浇注系统也受到固化塑件和浇注系统冷凝水的刮擦，会导致模具型腔、型芯和浇注系统面壁产生一定程度的损坏。磨损，特别是用玻璃纤维等硬质填料成型塑料件时，磨损现象更为严重。
During the injection process, the mold cavity, core and gating system are subject to flow friction and impact because the molten plastic is filled. In the process of demoulding, the mold cavity and gating system are also scratched by the solidified plastic parts and the condensate of the gating system, which will lead to a certain degree of damage to the mold cavity, core and the surface wall of the gating system. Wear, especially when plastic parts are molded with hard fillers such as glass fiber, is more serious.
济南注塑加工厂家提醒，在注塑某些类型的塑料件时，注塑模具在工作过程中有时会受到腐蚀，即塑料在高温下分解，分解出挥发性腐蚀性气体到模具型腔、型芯和模具中。浇注系统的表面壁具有腐蚀作用。例如，在成型聚氯乙烯塑料、聚甲醛塑料、氟塑料、阻燃或难燃塑料时，在高温下分解的HCl、SO2、HF等气体对注塑模具有腐蚀作用。因此，在成型不同的塑件时，必须综合考虑不同的工况。
Jinan injection molding manufacturers remind that during the injection of certain types of plastic parts, the injection mold will sometimes be corroded during the working process, that is, the plastic will decompose at high temperature and decompose volatile corrosive gases into the mold cavity, core and mold. The surface wall of the gating system is corrosive. For example, when forming PVC plastics, polyoxymethylene plastics, fluoroplastics, flame-retardant or flame-retardant plastics, HCl, SO2, HF and other gases decomposed at high temperature have a corrosive effect on the injection mold. Therefore, different working conditions must be comprehensively considered when forming different plastic parts.
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